Hindu Temple architecture and the symbolism behind it..

The human body is the temple for the Indwelling Spirit of God (Antaryāmin). So the temple as the body of God on earth is a similar to that of human body.

All the various parts of the temple structure correspond to various parts of the human body. The temple is the physical body which houses the presence of God. So the actual building of the temple itself is a symbol of the presence of God in the world.

The temple consists of Kalasha,Vimana/Shikaram,Amalaka,Gopuram, Antarala, Ratha,Mandapam and Garbhagriha. A temple may have several of the above but not necessarily all.

The temple architecture also varies across India with North,South,East,West all having different architectural styles and their respective symbolism.

For now, we have considered the famous Khajurao temples which is situated in Khajurao,Madhya Pradesh,North india or Vindhya Ranges. Khajurao temples is a Shiva Temples where people pray for one important Purusharta of human life, Kama. The word Kama in sanskrit means 'Pleasure' but the definition is not limited to only Physical pleasures. In the book, pleasure was divided into 4 parts as Physical,Mental,Emotional and Spiritual pleasures. It was necessary for a married couple to achieve balance in all 4 of them for a harmonious and happy life.

Discussing about kama is considered taboo across many indian families but in vedic times it was looked as one important part of human life and was studied extensively. The famous book Kama-shastra[Science of Kama] written by Vatsayana holds all knowledge to achieve balance in this important facet of human life.

The temple architecture is built studying a book called Agama-shastras and all temples across india follow the instructions given in it.

The temples consists of:

Kalasha: Kalasha on top of the Garbha Griha and on top of Vimana or Shikhara which represents the roots of the inverted tree concept found in the Upanishads. Kalasha as per Puranas is one of the 14 precious gems that came out during Samudra Manthan.

Vimana/Shikaram:Vimana refers to the dome like structure above the Garbha Griha. It is one of the important characteristics of a temple. Vimana of famous temples have a name, like Punyakoti Vimanam [Thirukachi],Sara Vimana [Thirucherai] and Ananda Nilaya Vimana [Thirumala].

Gopuram :Gopuram is the huge tower at the entrance of a temple. It serves as the gateway to the temple complex and is one of the most prominent things in a temple. The tower decreases in size as we move up and intricate carving of different gods and goddesses is made on them.

Antarala: It is a transitional space between a temple's main hall and the Garbha Griha.

Ratha: A ratha is a facet or vertical offset projection on the tower. The rathas are decorated with geometric figures or statues.

Mandapam :Mandapam is a porch-like structure through the Gopuram and leading to the temple. In general, it is a pillared outdoor hall or a long pathway which lead to Garbhagriha.

Garbhagriha: Garbhagriha refers to the innermost shrine or room of a temple, where the idol of the main deity is kept. It is also called a Sanctum Sanctorum in the western languages.

All devotees visitng a temple go around the temples in multiple of 3 known as pradakshina or parikrama. It is also known as circumambulation. The bells hanging around temples also have a deep spiritual significance. The different vibration produced by different sizes of bells vibrates with the frequency of the chakras. They bring the frequency of chakras closer to ideal frequency of beeja mantras which differs for all humans.


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