गुरुरग्निर्द्विजातीनां वर्णानां ब्राह्मणो गुरुः ।
पतिरेव गुरुः स्त्रीणां सर्वस्याभ्यागतो गुरुः ॥ ०१ ॥
gururagnirdvijatinam varnanam brahmano guruh ।
patireva guruh strinam sarvasyabhyagato guruh ॥ ०1 ॥
Agni is the worshipable person for the twice-born; the brahmana for the other castes; the husband for the wife; and the guest who comes for food at the midday meal for all.
यथा चतुर्भिः कनकं परीक्ष्यते
निघर्षणच्छेदनतापताडनैः ।
तथा चतुर्भिः पुरुषः परीक्ष्यते
त्यागेन शीलेन गुणेन कर्मणा ॥ ०२ ॥
yatha chaturbhih kanakam pariksyate
nigharsanachChedanatapatadanaih ।
tatha chaturbhih purusah pariksyate
tyagena silena gunena karmana ॥ ०2 ॥
As gold is tested in four ways by rubbing, cutting, heating and beating - - so a man should be tested by these four things: his renunciation, his conduct, his qualities and his actions.
तावद्भयेषु भेतव्यं यावद्भयमनागतम् ।
आगतं तु भयं वीक्ष्य प्रहर्तव्यमशङ्कया ॥ ०३ ॥
tavadbhayesu bhetavyam yavadbhayamanagatam ।
agatam tu bhayam viksya prahartavyamasaṅkaya ॥ ०3 ॥
A thing may be dreaded as long as it has not overtaken you, but once it has come upon you, try to get rid of it without hesitation.
एकोदरसमुद्भूता एकनक्षत्रजातकाः ।
न भवन्ति समाः शीले यथा बदरकण्टकाः ॥ ०४ ॥
ekodarasamudbhūta ekanaksatrajatakah ।
na bhavanti samah sile yatha badarakantakah ॥ ०4 ॥
Though persons be born from the same womb and under the same stars, they do not become alike in disposition as the thousand fruits of the badari tree.
निःस्पृहो नाधिकारी स्यान् नाकामो मण्डनप्रियः ।
नाविदग्धः प्रियं ब्रूयात्स्पष्टवक्ता न वञ्चकः ॥ ०५ ॥
nihsprho nadhikari syan nakamo mandanapriyah ।
navidagdhah priyam brūyatspastavakta na vañchakah ॥ ०5 ॥
He whose hands are clean does not like to hold an office; he who desires nothing cares not for bodily decorations; he who is only partially educated cannot speak agreeably; and he who speaks out plainly cannot be a deceiver.
मूर्खाणां पण्डिता द्वेष्या अधनानां महाधनाः ।
पराङ्गना कुलस्त्रीणां सुभगानां च दुर्भगाः ॥ ०६ ॥
mūrkhanam pandita dvesya adhananam mahadhanah ।
paraṅgana kulastrinam subhaganam cha durbhagah ॥ ०6 ॥
The learned are envied by the foolish; rich men by the poor; chaste women by adulteresses; and beautiful ladies by ugly ones.
आलस्योपगता विद्या परहस्तगतं धनम् ।
अल्पबीजं हतं क्षेत्रं हतं सैन्यमनायकम् ॥ ०७ ॥
alasyopagata vidya parahastagatam dhanam ।
alpabijam hatam ksetram hatam sainyamanayakam ॥ ०7 ॥
Indolent application ruins study; money is lost when entrusted to others; a farmer who sows his seed sparsely is ruined; and an army is lost for want of a commander.
अभ्यासाद्धार्यते विद्या कुलं शीलेन धार्यते ।
गुणेन ज्ञायते त्वार्यः कोपो नेत्रेण गम्यते ॥ ०८ ॥
abhyasaddharyate vidya kulam silena dharyate ।
gunena jñayate tvaryah kopo netrena gamyate ॥ ०8 ॥
Learning is retained through putting into practice; family prestige is maintained through good behaviour; a respectable person is recognised by his excellent qualities; and anger is seen in the eyes.
वित्तेन रक्ष्यते धर्मो विद्या योगेन रक्ष्यते ।
मृदुना रक्ष्यते भूपः सत्स्त्रिया रक्ष्यते गृहम् ॥ ०९ ॥
vittena raksyate dharmo vidya yogena raksyate ।
mrduna raksyate bhūpah satstriya raksyate grham ॥ ०9 ॥
Religion is preserved by wealth; knowledge by diligent practice; a king by conciliatory words; and a home by a dutiful housewife.
अन्यथा वेदशास्त्राणि ज्ञानपाण्डित्यमन्यथा ।
अन्यथा तत्पदं शान्तं लोकाः क्लिश्यन्ति चाह्न्यथा ॥ १० ॥
anyatha vedasastrani jñanapandityamanyatha ।
anyatha tatpadam santam lokah klisyanti chahnyatha ॥ 1० ॥
Those who blaspheme Vedic wisdom, who ridicule the life style recommended in the satras, and who deride men of peaceful temperament, come to grief unnecessarily.
दारिद्र्यनाशनं दानं शीलं दुर्गतिनाशनम् ।
अज्ञाननाशिनी प्रज्ञा भावना भयनाशिनी ॥ ११ ॥
daridryanasanam danam silam durgatinasanam ।
ajñananasini prajña bhavana bhayanasini ॥ 11 ॥
Charity puts an end to poverty; righteous conduct to misery; discretion to ignorance; and scrutiny to fear.
नास्ति कामसमो व्याधिर्नास्ति मोहसमो रिपुः ।
नास्ति कोपसमो वह्निर्नास्ति ज्ञानात्परं सुखम् ॥ १२ ॥
nasti kamasamo vyadhirnasti mohasamo ripuh ।
nasti kopasamo vahnirnasti jñanatparam sukham ॥ 12 ॥
There is no disease as destructive as lust; no enemy like infatuation; no fire like wrath; and no happiness like spiritual knowledge.
जन्ममृत्यू हि यात्येको भुनक्त्येकः शुभाशुभम् ।
नरकेषु पतत्येक एको याति परां गतिम् ॥ १३ ॥
janmamrtyū hi yatyeko bhunaktyekah subhasubham ।
narakesu patatyeka eko yati param gatim ॥ 13 ॥
A man is born alone and dies alone; and he experiences the good and bad consequences of his karma alone; and he goes alone to hell or the Supreme abode
तृणं ब्रह्मविदः स्वर्गस्तृणं शूरस्य जीवितम् ।
जिताशस्य तृणं नारी निःस्पृहस्य तृणं जगत् ॥ १४ ॥
trnam brahmavidah svargastrnam sūrasya jivitam ।
jitasasya trnam nari nihsprhasya trnam jagat ॥ 14 ॥
Heaven is but a straw to him who knows spiritual life; so is life to a valiant man; a woman to him who has subdued his senses; and the universe to him who is without attachment for the world.
विद्या मित्रं प्रवासे च भार्या मित्रं गृहेषु च ।
व्याधितस्यौषधं मित्रं धर्मो मित्रं मृतस्य च ॥ १५ ॥
vidya mitram pravase cha bharya mitram grhesu cha ।
vyadhitasyausadham mitram dharmo mitram mrtasya cha ॥ 15 ॥
Learning is a friend on the journey; a wife in the house; medicine in sickness; and righteous action is the only friend after death.
वृथा वृष्टिः समुद्रेषु वृथा तृप्तस्य भोजनम् ।
वृथा दानं समर्थस्य वृथा दीपो दिवापि च ॥ १६ ॥
vrtha vrstih samudresu vrtha trptasya bhojanam ।
vrtha danam samarthasya vrtha dipo divapi cha ॥ 16 ॥
Rain which falls upon the sea is useless; so is food for one who is satiated; in vain is a gift for one who is wealthy; and a burning lamp during the daytime is useless.
नास्ति मेघसमं तोयं नास्ति चात्मसमं बलम् ।
नास्ति चक्षुःसमं तेजो नास्ति धान्यसमं प्रियम् ॥ १७ ॥
nasti meghasamam toyam nasti chatmasamam balam ।
nasti chaksuhsamam tejo nasti dhanyasamam priyam ॥ 17 ॥
There is no water like rainwater; no strength like one's own; no light like that of the eyes; and no wealth more dear than food grain.
अधना धनमिच्छन्ति वाचं चैव चतुष्पदाः ।
मानवाः स्वर्गमिच्छन्ति मोक्षमिच्छन्ति देवताः ॥ १८ ॥
adhana dhanamichChanti vacham chaiva chatuspadah ।
manavah svargamichChanti moksamichChanti devatah ॥ 18 ॥
The poor wish for wealth; animals for the faculty of speech; men wish for heaven; and godly persons for liberation.
सत्येन धार्यते पृथ्वी सत्येन तपते रविः ।
सत्येन वाति वायुश्च सर्वं सत्ये प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥ १९ ॥
satyena dharyate prthvi satyena tapate ravih ।
satyena vati vayuscha sarvam satye pratisthitam ॥ 19 ॥
The earth is supported by the power of truth; it is the power of truth that makes the sun shine and the winds blow; indeed all things rest upon truth.
चला लक्ष्मीश्चलाः प्राणाश्चले जीवितमन्दिरे ।
चलाचले च संसारे धर्म एको हि निश्चलः ॥ २० ॥
chala laksmischalah pranaschale jivitamandire ।
chalachale cha samsare dharma eko hi nischalah ॥ 2० ॥
The wealth is unsteady and it is bound to leave at sometime, and so is the breath of this life. The duration of life is uncertain, and the place of habitation is uncertain; but in all this inconsistent world, the righteous action alone is immovable.
नराणां नापितो धूर्तः पक्षिणां चैव वायसः ।
चतुष्पादं शऋगालस्तु स्त्रीणां धूर्ता च मालिनी ॥ २१ ॥
naranam napito dhūrtah paksinam chaiva vayasah ।
chatuspadam sargalastu strinam dhūrta cha malini ॥ 21 ॥
Among men the barber is cunning; among birds, it is the crow; among beasts, it is the jackal; and among women, it is the flower girl.
जनिता चोपनेता च यस्तु विद्यां प्रयच्छति ।
अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैते पितरः स्मृताः ॥ २२ ॥
janita chopaneta cha yastu vidyam prayachChati ।
annadata bhayatrata pañchaite pitarah smrtah ॥ 22 ॥
These five are your fathers; he who gave you birth, girdled you with sacred thread, teaches you, provides you with food, and protects you from fearful situations.
राजपत्नी गुरोः पत्नी मित्रपत्नी तथैव च ।
पत्नीमाता स्वमाता च पञ्चैता मातरः स्मृताः ॥ २३ ॥
rajapatni guroh patni mitrapatni tathaiva cha ।
patnimata svamata cha pañchaita matarah smrtah ॥ 23 ॥
These five should be considered as mothers; the king's wife, the preceptor's wife, the friend's wife, your wife's mother, and your own mother.
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