vyañjanānisandhi

Sandhi is the process in which 2 or more letters at the end of a word combine to form a conjoined word, but the meaning of the sentence or the compound words remains the same. In the case of consonants, the process is interesting as the letters change when 2 consonants combine, sometimes changing the meaning of a word.

(a) If there is ['त्' or 'द्'] before ['च' or 'छ'] then ['त्' or 'द्'] is changed to 'च्'. For Example भवत् + चरणम् = भ + व + [(त् -> च्) + च] + र + ण + म् = भवच्चरणम् । एतद् + चन्द्रमण्डलम् = ए + त +[(द् -> च) + च] + न + द् + र + म + ण + ड + ल + म् = एतच्चन्द्रमण्डलम्

(b) If there is 'त्' or 'द्' before 'ज' or 'झ' then ['त्' or 'द्'] is changed to 'ज्'. For Example उत् + ज्वलः = उ + [(त् -> ज्) + ज्] + व + ल + ः = उज्ज्वलः एतद् + जननम् = ए + त + [(द् -> ज) + ज] + न + न + म = एतज्जननम्

(c) If there is 'न्' before 'ज' or 'झ' then 'न्' is changed to 'ञ्'. For Example महान् + जयः = म + ह + आ + [(न् -> ञ्) + ज] + य = महाञ्जयः उद्यन् + झकारः = उ + द्य + [(न् -> ञ्) + झ] + क + आ + रः = उद्यञ्झकारः

(d) If there is 'त्' or 'द्' before which there is 'श' then it is changed to 'त्' and 'द्' is changed to 'च' with 'श' changing to 'छ'. For Example महत् + शकटम् = म + ह + [(त् -> च्) + (श -> छ)] + क + ट + म् = महच्छकटम् तद् + शरीरम् = त + [(द् -> च्) + (श -> छ)] + र + ई + र + म् = तच्छरीरम्.

(e) If there is 'न्' before 'श्' then 'न्' is changed to 'ञ' and 'श' is changed to 'छ'. For Example महान् + शब्द = म + ह + आ + [(न्-> ञ) + (श छ)] + ब + द = महाञ्छब्दः For Example धावन् + शशः = ध + आ + व + [(न् -> ञ) + (श -> छ)] + शः = धावञ्शशः : / धावञ्छशः

(f) If there is 'त्' / 'द्' after which there is 'ह' then 'त्' is changed to 'द्' and 'ह्' is changed to 'ध्'. For Example उत् + हतः = उ + [त् -> द्] + ह् + तः = उद्धतः



<- svaraḥ sandhiḥ
śabdaḥ ->


namo namaḥ!

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